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Mohammed bin Tughluq
Just as every other publication has done, including the acclaimed Manure Manual, we at Jaal also found it necessary to commission a poll to nominate our Gnuman of the Millennium.
Obviously, our prognostication has a solid scientific underpinning. We hired the renowned policy agency, ARGH, for this purpose. After weeks of painstaking research, including a couple of fact-finding missions to Kovalam and Goa, the pollsters returned with a prime sample - an accountant with a multiple personality disorder.
Unfortunately, our sample had to undergo several sessions with a shrink during the course of the exercise. We footed the bills though one of his personalities, probably Yashwant Sinha redux, promised to reimburse.
Towards the end of his (or their) treatment, our sample suddenly vanished, leaving no forwarding address. Our pollsters, however, did inform us before he scrammed, the sample mentioned something about changing his bank account.
Changing bank account? That meant shifting capital! And, that obviously meant that our Gnuman of the Millennium is…..
Mohammed bin Tughluq.
The emperor, Tutu to his friends, truly symbolises Indianness through these 1000 years. For instance, the foresight and planning that goes into undertaking enormous ventures costing crores of rupees. He woke up one morning and decided that, well, Delhi was getting kind of boring what with the nautch girls on hartal, and the punkahwallahs on a go-slow; so he would take the entire city elsewhere. So he did. he headed Southwards, towards Devagiri, renamed Daulatabad and the population of Delhi was also shifted in the process.
That he subsequently had to return bag and baggage (his large complaining harem) and virtually bankrupted the exchequer is just a sidelight but a great lesson to follow, as they have indeed done, for generations of policy-makers who have ruled the nation.

main story picAnd, before Nehruvian socialism or Manmohanomics or Yashwant fudgery came into vogue, Tughluq had already established a brilliant financial system to cripple the economy. He decided to introduce currency reforms, replacing the silver tanka with a standard copper unit. The forgers were jubilant as they literally minted money. Before that theory trickled down to the good emperor, there were enough fraudulent coins flooding the kingdom to cover the palace and more. Today, we could say this was second generation reforms.
Tughluq, despite these small inadequacies as a competent ruler, was a great man - a poet, philosopher. Now who does that remind us of?
Not only that, he also built up a chain of regional satraps, in Mabar, Bengal, Warangal, Vijayanagar, who unfortunately rebelled against his rule. Again, doesn't that sound familiar in the present context?
Even more correspondingly, Tughluq also had to deal with a bunch of slavering fundamentalists who ringed him and tried hard to don the mask of being, as one historian puts it, ``a discreet pragmatist.'' Déjà vu?
He was also generous in his presents to counterparts. He once gifted the Chinese emperor ``100 male slaves and 100 slaves youngstresses and dancers''. In modern parlance, we could describe that as body shopping. Or, as modern politicians has exhibited, what is the grant of a few thousand acres of land between neighbouring nations?
He also openly welcomed and befriended Taramshirin, the chieftain of the Mongol hordes who descended upon the country, and both benefited eminently from the partnership. However, just as Tughluq thought of taking the camaraderie forward, Tamarshirin was deposed. Hmmm..haven't we heard something like that just recently? Tughluq, as we have proven, was a great Indian, the greatest of this millennium, simply because he represents most of what our society and politics denote today. he is the forgotten torchbearer. A true pioneer.
Post-Script: What remains of his legacy? If you have ever visited the sprawling ruins of Tughluqabad in South Delhi, you would have found a desolate expanse, inhabited by scores of monkeys. And a few wild asses. And before all of you decide to go rushing forth to Tughluqabad, we meant donkeys.


Mohammed bin Tughluq ruled India from 1325 to 1351


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